Whether or not diet can be helpful in preventing various diseases other than those caused by nutritional deficiency is an unsettled question. Some specialists think that a diet low in cholesterol and saturated fats can help prevent cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis, but the evidence for this point of view is not yet definitive. It has been said for years that vitamin c is helpful in preventing the common cold, and this point of view has recently received a great deal of publicity, but the evidence is not conclusive.
Food Borne Diseases: There are several ways in which food can be the cause of disease, most commonly when it becomes contaminated with a sufficient amount of harmful bacteria, bacterial toxin, viruses, or other poisonous substances. The gastrointestinal diseases typically accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach cramps that are produced in this way are not; strictly speaking caused by the foods themselves, and are therefore called food borne diseases.
Most food borne illnesses are caused by a toxin in food contaminated by staphylococcal or salmonella bacteria. In general, milk, milk products, raw shellfish and meats are the foods most apt to be contaminated. This is most likely to happen when such foods are left standing at room temperature for too long between the time they are prepared and the time they are eaten. However, food can also become contaminated at many different points in time and at various stages of processing.
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